In recent years, propelled by a series of national policy supports and market demand, China’s robot industry has gradually entered a track of rapid development. The market scale continues to expand, with a basic industrial system formed; backbone enterprises are growing rapidly, and cross-border giants are flocking in; breakthroughs have been made in robot basic theory, core components, and key technology research and development; industry norms, standards, and testing certification systems are continuously improving, and statistical data is becoming more complete. However, there remains a significant gap between China’s robot industry and international advanced enterprises in terms of technical level and R&D capabilities. Enterprises are generally small in scale, industrial concentration is low, risks of low-end development in high-end industries exist, and talent shortages hinder the effective satisfaction of demands from China’s advanced manufacturing development and consumption upgrades. To promote the healthy development of the robot industry, it is essential to further improve the policy support system; strengthen industrial innovation capabilities, focusing on breaking through common key technologies and core components constraining the development of the robot industry; actively cultivate leading enterprises, building world-class robot industry clusters; highlight regional characteristics, optimizing industrial layout; vigorously promote robot application demonstrations; and construct a multi-level talent cultivation system.
Robots are not only key support equipment for advanced manufacturing but also important entry points for changing human lifestyles in an intelligent society, hailed as “the pearl at the top of the manufacturing crown.” Their R&D, manufacturing, and application have become important indicators for measuring a country’s technological innovation, manufacturing, and social intelligence levels, receiving high attention from world manufacturing powers such as the United States, Germany, Japan, and South Korea. In recent years, with the孕育兴起 of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, major industrial countries have elevated the development of the robot industry to a national strategy, competing to seize the commanding heights of technology and market.
The Chinese government also attaches great importance to and actively promotes the development of the robot industry, successively introducing a series of policy measures. In 2012, the “12th Five-Year Plan for High-End Equipment Manufacturing” clearly proposed the goal of achieving industrialization of industrial robots and core components. In 2013, the “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of the Industrial Robot Industry” pointed out that industrial robots “represent the development direction of future intelligent equipment” and proposed development goals for 2020. In May 2015, with the release of “Made in China 2025,” the first decade’s action plan for implementing China’s manufacturing power strategy, the development of the robot industry rose to the national strategic level, with “high-grade CNC machine tools and robots” identified as one of the ten key areas to be vigorously promoted, proposing to vigorously promote the standardization and modularization of robots and expand market applications. In April 2016, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the “Robot Industry Development Plan (2016-2020),” which, targeting bottlenecks and problems across the entire robot industry chain, clearly proposed the overall development goals for China’s robot industry during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period: by 2020, form a relatively complete robot industry system; achieve an annual output of 100,000 units of self-owned brand industrial robots, with over 50,000 units of six-axis and above industrial robots; achieve annual sales revenue of service robots exceeding 30 billion yuan; cultivate more than three internationally competitive leading enterprises, build more than five robot supporting industry clusters; and achieve a robot density of over 150. Under the support of national policies and the pull of market demand, China’s robot industry has gradually stepped into a fast track of development.
1. Current Development Status of China’s Robot Industry
The market scale of China’s robot industry continues to expand, with a basic industrial system formed. According to statistics, the global robot market size reached 23.2 billion USD in 2017, with an average global market growth rate of about 17% from 2012 to 2017. In contrast, China’s robot market size was approximately 6.28 billion USD in 2017, with an average growth rate in the Chinese market reaching 28% during the same period, far exceeding the global average. Since 2013, China has been the world’s largest application market for industrial robots for five consecutive years. Service robots have developed a series of representative products and achieved applications in fields such as scientific research, medical rehabilitation, home services, and educational entertainment. The application scenarios for special robots have significantly expanded, the localization process of core components has accelerated, innovative enterprises have emerged in large numbers, some technologies can form规模化 products, and obvious advantages exist in some areas.
- Rapid Development of Domestic Industrial Robots: Product structure is continuously optimized, and application industry fields are rapidly expanding. According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, China produced over 130,000 sets of industrial robots cumulatively in 2017, a cumulative growth of 68.1%, with 12,682 sets produced in December alone, a year-on-year increase of 56.5%.另外, according to data released by the China Electronics Society, China’s industrial robot market size was 4.22 billion USD in 2017, accounting for 67.2% of the overall robot market. During the explosive growth of the domestic robot market, China has become the country with the fastest growth in robot application density globally, increasing from 25 units per 10,000 people in 2013 to 68 units per 10,000 people in 2016. Data from智匠网 shows that China’s robot density reached 88 units per 10,000 people in 2017, exceeding the global average for the first time. However, there is still a large gap compared to developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Germany, and South Korea. By application type, handling and loading/unloading robots currently account for the highest proportion in the domestic market, reaching 61%; followed by assembly robots, accounting for 15%, which is 6 percentage points higher than welding robots.
The product structure is continuously optimized, with high-value-added multi-joint industrial robots becoming the main model of domestic industrial robots for the first time. In 2016, the sales of domestic multi-joint industrial robots exceeded 10,000 units for the first time, with a year-on-year increase of 92.7%. In the first half of 2017, multi-joint robots ranked first in sales among domestic industrial robots for the first time, with cumulative sales of 7,423 units, a year-on-year increase of 44.9%, accounting for 40.1% of total sales; coordinate robot sales were 6,083 units, showing a first decline after long-term rapid growth, a decrease of 14.4%, accounting for 32.8% of total industrial robot sales. SCARA robots saw sales turn positive after multiple statistical periods of decline, with sales doubling to 1,504 units, accounting for 8.1% of total sales, already exceeding the full-year SCARA sales of 2016. AGV sales累计 were 1,222 units, a year-on-year increase of 13%, accounting for 6.6% of total sales. Parallel robots, cylindrical coordinate robots, and other types of robots合计 accounted for 12.3% of total industrial robot sales, with parallel robot sales increasing by 16.4% year-on-year.
With technological progress, industrial robot performance continues to improve, and applications further expand across various industries nationwide. In 2017, domestic industrial robots served 37 major industry categories and 110 industry subcategories in the national economy, expanding by 3 major industry categories and 11 industry subcategories compared to 2016. The automotive manufacturing industry, computer, communication, and other electronic equipment manufacturing, general equipment manufacturing, and electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing remain the main industries for industrial robot applications, accounting for 17.3%, 15.1%, 13.4%, and 10.2% of total domestic industrial robot sales in the first half of 2017, respectively. Light industries represented by furniture manufacturing, food manufacturing, and beverage and refined tea manufacturing have become new highlights in the domestic industrial robot market applications.
- Rapid Growth in Service Robot Market Scale: Service fields and objects continue to expand, and product types are becoming more abundant. Service robots refer to advanced robots that integrate multiple high technologies to provide necessary services to humans in非结构化 environments, mainly including household service, medical service, and public service robots. Household service robots mainly include sweeping, education, entertainment, security, intelligent wheelchairs,智能穿戴, intelligent toy robots, etc., along with a batch of enterprises providing core controller, sensor, and actuator functional components for service robots. In recent years, influenced by factors such as rising居民 income levels, increasing labor costs, and an aging population, the service robot industry has developed rapidly, with application scenarios and service models不断拓展. The development and breakthroughs in artificial intelligence technology have also made service robot product types increasingly rich. With typical products integrating语音交互, facial recognition, automatic positioning and navigation, and other AI technologies, such as medical, delivery, educational entertainment, and cleaning robots entering the consumer market,渗透至居民生活的方方面面, market demand for service robots has rapidly expanded. In 2017, China’s service robot market sales reached 1.32 billion USD, an increase of 28% over the previous year. Among them, medical, public service, and household service robot market sizes were 530 million USD, 410 million USD, and 380 million USD, respectively. With居民消费升级, household service robots are becoming an important force driving the growth of the service robot market. Sweeping robots, as representative categories of household service robots, have achieved explosive development. In 2017, China’s sweeping robot market size reached 5.8 billion yuan, an increase of 33% over the previous year.
- Relatively Fast Development Trend in Special Robot Market: New products with independent intellectual property rights不断出现. Special robots refer to robots that代替 humans in高危环境和特殊工况, mainly including military application,极限作业, and emergency rescue robots. The Chinese government has always attached great importance to特种机器人 technology research and development, supporting it through the 863 Plan, special projects on key technologies for作业机器人 in特殊服役 environments, and key special projects such as深海关键技术与装备, successively攻克了多项核心技术 such as titanium alloy载人舱球壳制造,大深度浮力材料制备, and深海推进器. Based on this, starting from水下机器人, search/rescue and explosive disposal robots, mining robots, special UAVs, etc., a batch of new products with independent intellectual property rights have been developed. In recent years, with increasing demand for特种机器人 to应对洪涝灾害, earthquakes, extreme weather, as well as public safety incidents such as mining accidents, fires, and security, China’s special robot market has shown a relatively fast development trend. In 2016, the market size reached 630 million USD, an increase of 16.7% over the previous year, slightly higher than the global special robot growth rate. Among them, military application robots,极限作业 robots, and emergency rescue robot market sizes were 480 million USD, 110 million USD, and 40 million USD, respectively, with极限作业 robots being the fastest-growing field. In 2017, China’s special robot market size continued to expand, reaching 740 million USD, an increase of 17.4% over the previous year, accounting for over 10% of the overall robot market. With further提升 of企业安全生产意识 in China, future demand for特种机器人 that替代人工 in高危场所 and complex environments is expected to continue rising.
Backbone enterprises in the China robot sector are growing rapidly, and cross-border giants are successively涌入. After years of development, robot backbone enterprises have grown quickly. In industrial robots,沈阳新松,埃斯顿,安徽埃夫特,新时达, and广州数控 have strong robot本体 production capabilities;哈博实 and华恒焊接 maintain领先 in system integration fields such as石化化工后处理设备 and工程机械成套生产线. In service robots, a batch of innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises have emerged, such as科沃斯,康力优蓝,纳恩博,风行天下, and优必选, possessing certain international competitiveness in细分领域. In special robots, China has a group of excellent UAV enterprises such as大疆,极飞,亿航, and昊翔, applying UAVs in multiple industries such as agriculture, logistics, and surveying. Among them,大疆 has a global market share of up to 70% and, along with沈阳新松,连续两年入选美国《机器人商业评论》评选的全球最具影响力50家机器人公司 (RBR50) in 2016 and 2017.
| Enterprise Name | Sales Revenue | Main Product Types | Capacity Situation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 新松 | 1.677 billion yuan | Multi-joint, DELTA, SCARA, AGV等工业机器人,先进制造技术装备,轨道交通自动化装备,能源自动化装备 | 500 units of six-axis output, total capacity 10,000 units/year |
| 埃斯顿 | 665 million yuan | Multi-joint, DELTA, SCARA等工业机器人,金属成型机床数控系统,电液伺服液压系统产品,交流伺服系统 | 9,000 units/year |
| 埃夫特 | Not disclosed | Multi-joint, DELTA等工业机器人, CMA, automation equipment | 3,000 units/year |
| 新时达 | 2.58 billion yuan | Multi-joint, SCARA等工业机器人,伺服驱动器,工业变频器,电梯控制系统,人机界面及专业线缆,物联网,新能源汽车控制器等 | 1,600 units/year (10,000 units/year under construction) |
| 广州数控 | Not disclosed | Multi-joint, DELTA, SCARA等工业机器人,数控系统,伺服驱动及电机,精密数控注塑机 | / |
Besides上述纯粹的机器人企业,互联网巨头 such as BAT and家电巨头 such as格力,美的, and海尔 have纷纷布局机器人领域. As a globally competitive mining equipment and cement equipment manufacturer,中信重工避开服务机器人 and industrial robot竞争的”红海”, entering the special robot industry凭借自己的技术优势,走特色化,差异化发展之路. At the end of 2017, the first phase of the中信重工开诚特种机器人 (梅山)产业基地 with total investment of 300 million yuan正式投产. This base is国内最大,集研发,生产,销售,服务于一体, will develop and produce多种特种机器人 such as消防灭火侦察机器人,危险场站巡检机器人,铁路列检机器人, and水下机器人,应用于消防,市政,电力,矿山,石化等多种行业. This signifies that China’s持续发力 in the special robot field has finally achieved results, not only continuously promoting product technology breakthroughs, quality upgrades, and application expansion but also forming a良性产业生态链.
Breakthroughs have been made in robot basic theory, core components, and key technology research and development in the China robot industry. With the support of national相关科技计划, China has achieved certain research results in basic theoretical research such as robot运动控制算法,机器人多传感器融合系统,离线编程技术, and遥操作机器人, which have been preliminarily applied in actual robot systems.
- Basic mastery of robot本体 design and manufacturing technology, with the amount of independent intellectual property technology不断增多. Industrial robots have gradually achieved批量生产, completing规模应用示范 in fields such as automotive, electronics, logistics handling, and卫浴产品磨抛喷釉.
- Breakthrough progress in core component technology research and development, with product performance and reliability显著提升.减速器 enterprises such as南通振康,苏州绿的,秦川机床, and武汉精华 have加大研发力度 from aspects such as materials,热处理工艺,加工设备, and试验检测设备, breaking through多项关键核心技术 and achieving批量生产.伺服系统 manufacturers such as新时达,广州数控,汇川,埃斯顿, and清能德创 have broken through related core technologies in伺服驱动器 and伺服电机 design and production, with自动化生产能力及整体制造水平明显提升.机器人控制器 products from enterprises such as固高,广州数控, and新松 have become relatively mature, with the gap不断缩小 compared to foreign同类产品.
Industry norms, standards, and testing certification systems in the China robot sector are continuously improving, and statistical data趋于健全. Since the establishment of the National Robot Testing and Evaluation Center and the National Robot Standardization总体组 in 2015, China’s robot industry standard system construction不断推进, initially establishing a professional robot testing team, robot testing service capabilities不断提升, and industry certification工作全面开启, with “China Robot Certification (CR)” officially released. Currently, China has issued and正在制定中的国家和行业标准 for industrial robots totaling 106项, with standards基本覆盖了机器人标准体系中的基础共性和关键技术产品. In 2017, the Standardization Administration of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the “National Robot Standard System Construction Guide (2017 Edition),” proposing to健全,完善机器人标准体系 in two stages over 4 years: by 2018,初步健全机器人标准体系,制修订60项机器人国家和行业标准; by 2020, strive to establish a relatively complete robot standard system,制修订约100项机器人国家和行业标准, basically achieving full coverage of基础标准,检测评定方法标准, as well as整机标准 for high-volume and widely applied fields.
To promote the稳步提升 of domestic robot product quality and推动行业健康有序发展, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology formulated the “Industrial Robot Industry规范条件” in 2016, stipulating industrial robot本体生产企业 and industrial robot集成应用企业 from aspects such as综合条件,企业规模,质量要求,研发创新能力,人才实力,销售和售后服务,社会责任, and监督管理. In July 2017, the出台的”Industrial Robot Industry规范管理实施办法”规范了 procedures for企业申请与审核,监督检查,变更,整改,撤销公告等.
The “National Economic Industry Classification” (GB/T4754-2017) implemented on October 1, 2017, included robot manufacturing as an independent industry for the first time. According to the new classification, industrial robot manufacturing (code 3491) and special作业机器人制造 (code 3492) are two行业小类, belonging to the other general equipment manufacturing行业中类 (code 349), and归属于 the general equipment manufacturing行业大类 (code 34), which will provide more scientific and reliable data support for产业研究和政策制定等.
2. Challenges Facing the Development of China’s Robot Industry
Although China’s robot industry不断进步, there remains a significant gap compared to international advanced enterprises in terms of technical level and R&D capabilities. Industrial concentration is low, talent is lacking, and it cannot effectively meet the demands of China’s advanced manufacturing development and people’s consumption upgrades.
- Insufficient Independent Innovation Capability and High Dependence on Core Components: For a long time, foreign manufacturers have almost monopolized the high-end领域 of robot manufacturing in China, with the lack of core component technology becoming a key factor constraining the development of China’s robot industry. In terms of industrial robot cost composition,减速器,伺服电机, and控制器—the three core components of robots—account for about 35%, 20%, and 15%, respectively. Additionally,机械加工本体 and applications各占 about 15%.减速器 is the key component with the highest technical barrier in industrial robots. Currently, Japanese enterprises occupy 75% of the world market share for精密减速器, with纳博特斯克 (Nabtesco) producing RV减速器, accounting for about 60% of the share, and哈默纳科 (Harmonica Drive) producing谐波减速器, accounting for about 15% of the share. Compared to Japanese giants’ decades of积淀, China’s research on精密减速器 for industrial robots started late, technology is not mature, forming a严重依赖进口的局面. Although some domestic enterprises have achieved mass production of RV减速器, there is still a significant gap compared to Japanese enterprises in terms of stability, precision, and耐疲劳强度,容易磨损报废, and the严重依赖进口的局面 has not been fundamentally changed.伺服电机 is the “nervous system” of industrial robots. In the domestic伺服电机 market, the top three are still Japanese enterprises (Panasonic, Mitsubishi, and Yaskawa), with a total share reaching 45%; European brands such as Siemens, Bosch, and Schneider occupy the high-end market, with an overall market share of about 30%; domestic enterprises have an overall share of less than 10%.控制器 is the “brain” of industrial robots, including hardware and software parts. Due to its relatively lower status and threshold, mature robot manufacturers generally develop controllers自行 to ensure stability and maintain technical systems. In the domestic控制器 market,瑞士的ABB and日本的发那科,安川 occupy nearly 40% of the share; second-tier enterprises such as Japan’s爱普生 (Epson), OTC, and瑞士的史陶比尔 (Staubli) occupy 44% of the share. Domestic enterprises have a smaller gap in控制器 hardware compared to foreign brands, but software parts still have gaps in stability, response speed, ease of use, etc. In the future, how to break through core component technology bottlenecks and improve independent innovation capabilities is a难题 that needs to be solved in the development of China’s robot industry.
- Generally Small Enterprise Scale, Low Industrial Concentration, and Weak Competitiveness: Under the形势 of rapidly growing robot demand, robot enterprises nationwide have sprung up like雨后春笋. According to relevant data, by the end of 2017, robot enterprises nationwide had reached over 6,500, but only a few old牌 enterprises such as沈阳新松 truly possess leading technology and have certain comparative advantages in competition with foreign enterprises. Most enterprises focus on assembly and代工,处于产业链低端, with low industrial concentration and small overall scale. 90% of robot production enterprises have an annual output value of less than 100 million yuan. Even leading enterprises like新时达 and新松 had revenues of only 2.58 billion and 1.677 billion yuan in 2017, respectively, compared to international robot giants such as ABB, Yaskawa, Fanuc, and Kuka, all with sales revenues exceeding 10 billion yuan, the revenue gap is huge. Multinational enterprises not only master core technologies but also have advantages in robot quality and performance. Domestic enterprises occupy less than 30% of the domestic market share仅靠性价比, but with technological progress, the manufacturing costs of robots by multinational enterprises are also rapidly下降. The selling price of industrial robots from the四大家族 has dropped from about 500,000 yuan per unit ten years ago to currently 150,000-200,000 yuan per unit. The性价比优势 of domestic industrial robots is also facing严峻挑战. Although currently国产机器人 such as埃夫特 and埃斯顿 are still slightly lower in price than the四大家族, this advantage is already很小. In the future, only by further localizing减速机等零部件 and reducing the average price of industrial robots to within 50,000 yuan per unit will domestic robots become more competitive. However, as international robot giants with dual advantages in technology and price纷纷抢滩中国机器人市场, domestic enterprises will face更加激烈的竞争 in the future.
- Preliminary Emergence of Risks of High-End Industry Low-Endization and Overcapacity: To promote the development of the robot industry, local governments are also actively布局工业机器人产业园区建设. According to statistics from the前瞻产业研究院发布的”2018-2023年中国产业园区规划布局与运营管理分析报告,” as of February 2018, there were 65 built or under-construction robot industrial parks nationwide, with many provinces having multiple industrial parks. For example, Guangdong Province has 9 industrial parks; Hebei and Jiangsu each have 6 industrial parks. Even some counties, such as星子县 in九江市, Jiangxi Province,璧山县 in Chongqing,肥东县 in Anhui Province,固安县 in Hebei Province, and香河县, are actively planning robot industrial parks.各地 have also proposed雄心勃勃的目标 for robot industrial parks. For example, Liaoning Province proposed building “an internationally competitive robot and intelligent equipment产业基地,推动老工业基地转型”; Tianjin aims to build a “national-level产业集群”; Hubei Province proposed that智能制造装备主营业务收入 reach 200 billion yuan by 2017; Harbin proposed building “the largest industrial robot base in the north, a robot core technology R&D center, high-end manufacturing center, service center, and application center”; Qingdao proposed building a “national-level robot产业创新基地,” etc. Some industrial parks have proposed goals of annual output value exceeding 10 billion yuan, such as the “Industrial Robot Industry Development Three-Year Action Plan (2015-2017)” of Changsha City, Hunan Province, proposing “助推长沙市雨花区打造百亿机器人产业园.” To achieve these goals, local governments have纷纷推出各种优惠政策,税收减免等补助措施. However, since most subsidy policies focus on the终端应用 of robots, and subsidy条款 for上下游相关核心零部件 and key common technology R&D are不够明确, many enterprises entering the parks concentrate on system integration环节, mainly purchasing foreign industrial robots to design solutions for downstream users, with技术及产品差异不大,徘徊在产业链技术含量和附加值的低端环节. Low-level重复建设 and the隐患 of overcapacity逐步显现, making it difficult to form产业集聚优势.
- Talent Shortage Becoming a Constraint on Industrial Development: As the robot industry development迈入快车道, the矛盾 of talent supply-demand imbalance is日益凸显. According to predictions in the “Manufacturing Talent Development Planning Guide” released by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the talent gap in China’s high-grade CNC machine tools and robot field will reach 3 million by 2020, and by 2025, the gap will further expand to 4.5 million. There is not only a lack of high-level professional technical talents mastering前沿核心技术 and复合型领军人才 with management experience and高级管理人才, but also a巨大缺口 in applied talents engaged in production, maintenance, and system integration. The industry estimates that by 2020, about 300,000 robot application talents will be needed. The main reasons for the lack of applied talents are twofold: First, because robots integrate多种技术, including computer programming, artificial intelligence, big data, mechanical design, material science, etc., with complex structures. Traditional技工电气工程师,机械工程师等, without professional systematic training,根本无法操作, let alone maintenance and design. Second, the专业设置 of科研院校 cannot match the cultivation needs of new industries for new式人才. China’s理工类科研院校 and traditional vocational technical schools generally lack机器人集成应用专业. Relevant technical talents for robot enterprises mainly come from机电一体化技术,电气自动化技术等专业. These students need professional training after entering enterprises to初步达到上岗要求, and must经过一定的工作年限 to truly适应 the needs of such positions. Currently, although some robot manufacturers also provide相关培训, there are shortcomings such as品牌针对性过强, insufficient promotion力度, inadequate配套设施, and limited培训网点, making it difficult to achieve系统的教学流程.
3. Countermeasures and Suggestions to Promote the Development of China’s Robot Industry
- Further Improve the Policy Support System: The government should formulate更全面,更细化,更具针对性的扶持政策 according to the actual development situation of the robot industry, further promoting robot R&D and production. First, accelerate the implementation of industrial policies such as the “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Robot Industry,” the “Industrial Robot Industry规范条件,” and the “Industrial Robot Industry规范管理实施办法,” establishing a white list system for enterprises to further规范行业竞争秩序. Second, expand the “Catalogue of First (Set) Major Technical Equipment Promotion and Application,” promoting the R&D and application of self-owned brand industrial robots. Third,加快研究并出台行业应用的指导政策,强制要求机器人代替人 for some high-risk work; encourage机器人代替人 for positions with恶劣工作环境. Encourage the establishment of robot leasing companies to meet the needs of中小型企业 for robots. Fourth, establish government industrial guidance funds, leveraging大量社会资本 through市场化手段 to invest in the robot industry, and through多元化投资,激发企业活力和创造力, promoting the robot industry towards高端化发展.
- Strengthen Industrial Innovation Capability, Focusing on Breaking Through Common Key Technologies and Core Components: First, increase investment in national key科技项目 such as the National Key R&D Plan and the Natural Science Foundation for key theoretical and common key technology R&D of robots.深入研究面向机器人行业的软件算法, breaking through new technologies such as robot离线编程, artificial intelligence, data fusion, data mining, and可视化. Second, actively track the future development trends of robots,提早布局前瞻性技术研究 such as仿生技术,智能材料, robot深度学习, and多机协同. Third,加快推进核心零部件的自主研发. Focus on key components such as industrial robot本体,控制器,伺服电机, and减速器, adopting methods such as自主研发,联合攻关,技术转让, and模仿改进 for technological攻关. Fourth, fully utilize and integrate existing科技资源和研发力量,建立健全机器人创新和公共技术服务平台,创业孵化及应用推广服务平台, promoting科研成果加速转化落地.
- Actively Cultivate Backbone Leading Enterprises, Building World-Class Robot Industry Clusters: First,做大做强骨干龙头企业. Focus on cultivating a batch of leading enterprises with先进管理, strong innovation capabilities, high efficiency, good效益, and international competitiveness and influence,加大扶持力度, using leading enterprises as benchmarks within the industry to form示范带动效应. Second, support互联网企业与传统机器人企业的紧密结合,推动产业链横向和纵向整合,支持企业通过联合重组,合资合作及投资并购, especially跨国并购,加强产能合作,提升国际竞争力. Third,落实优惠政策,引进国际知名品牌, encouraging internationally renowned brand跨国公司总部落户国内, or setting up R&D institutions in China. Fourth, actively promote the development of innovative中小型企业, cultivating a batch of单项冠军企业专注细分领域, achieving融通发展 of large, medium, and small enterprises, building world-class robot industry clusters, forming a全产业链协同发展的局面.
- Highlight Regional Characteristics, Optimizing Industrial Layout: Strengthen guidance on regional industrial policies,制定区域产业发展指南, guiding各地 to依托工业基础,高校和科研机构,整合产,学,研三方面的关系, promoting the有机融合 of various innovation elements,科学谋划,合理确定产业发展的重点和模式; guide地方 to establish special配套基金 based on本地资源禀赋和政策特点, promoting interaction and cooperation between robot enterprises and local governments and local parks,重点支持机器人及其关键零部件产业化和推广应用, effectively solving the融资难 problem of innovative中小型企业; establish产业化平台, encouraging enterprises to actively开拓低端细分市场 under the current situation where traditional high-end markets such as automotive manufacturing and electronic product processing and core technologies are monopolized by multinational enterprises,形成因地制宜,特色突出,区域联动,错位竞争的 robot development新格局.
- Vigorously Promote Robot Application Demonstrations:大力推进机器人应用示范, meeting the needs of智能制造和民生重大需求. First,围绕我国发展智能制造的需求, implement a batch of典型行业应用示范工程 with突出效果,强带动性,高关联度 in key fields such as automotive, electronics, logistics, national defense军工, and semiconductors. Second,面向国家战略需求和民生重大问题, promote the application demonstration of service robots in public service fields such as救灾救援, medical rehabilitation, and助老助残, and及时总结经验有序推广. Third,积极推进减速器,控制器,伺服电机及驱动器,传感器等关键零部件的产业化应用示范工程, as well as工业机器人核心技术研发及应用示范工程,弥补产业链薄弱环节.
- Construct a Multi-Level Talent Cultivation System: First,建立健全激励机制,拓宽成长空间,尽快打造一批产业领军人才与工程技术关键人才胜任重大项目需要. Second,加强机器人相关专业学科建设,推进产学研用一体化人才培养模式,构建大专院校,科研机构和企业联合培养人才的新模式. Through implementing large合作项目, jointly cultivate various talents from R&D, production, maintenance to system integration needed by the industry. Third,运用职业培训,职业资格制度, through actual项目锻炼,培育具有实际操作技能的人才; third, through初,中等教育以及社会公共设施,加强机器人知识的科普,宣传和推广,提高社会关注度,为机器人产业发展培养后备人才.
In conclusion, the China robot industry has made significant strides under政策支持 and market dynamics,但依然 faces substantial challenges in technology, scale, and talent. By implementing targeted strategies focusing on innovation, enterprise cultivation, regional optimization, application promotion, and talent development, the industry can overcome these hurdles and achieve sustainable growth, contributing to China’s advanced manufacturing goals and global competitiveness in the robotics sector.